Bibliography

Correlations Between Giant Undulations and Plasmapause Configurations

In this letter, we report the correlations between giant undulations (GUs) and plasmapause (PP) configurations based on GUs images and corresponding PP crossings of satellites between 2005 and 2019. Typically, GUs occur when the plasmasphere is eroded to form a thin and sharp PP during the storm main phase and early recovery phase. The thicknesses of the PP are usually comparable with the azimuthal wavelengths of the GUs and are smaller than the radial amplitudes of the GUs. The amplitudes and wavelengths are quasi-proportional to the thicknesses of the PP and are inversely quasi-proportional to the ion density gradients around the PP. The radial centers of GUs are typically aligned with the PP surfaces and their radial geocentric locations show positive correlations for different geomagnetic storms. These results would provide both physical insights and model constrains on the magnetosphere-plasmasphere-ionosphere energy coupling and the generation mechanisms of the GUs and plasmapause surface waves.

Zhou, Yi-Jia; He, Fei; Yao, Zhong-Hua; Wei, Yong; Zhang, Xiao-Xin; Zhang, Yong-Liang;

Published by: Geophysical Research Letters      Published on:

YEAR: 2022     DOI: 10.1029/2022GL098627

Ionosphere; Giant Undulations; plasmapause; plasmapause surface waves

Generation of Subauroral Longitudinally Extended Emissions Following Intensifications of the Poleward Boundary of the Substorm Bulge and Streamer Production

Observations showing the development of Subauroral Longitudinally Extended Emigerssions on a global scale are presented. It is demonstrated that they occur as a separation of an east-west arc-like band of luminosity that detaches away from the equatorward edge of the auroral distribution following episodes of auroral streamer production. They persist for time intervals on the order of ∼30 min and devolve into patchy disjointed segments before they fade. Emissions are seen in both 557.7 nm OI and 391.4 nm 1NG lines, and 630.0 nm emissions are often observed equatorward. The 391.4 nm emissions are typically weaker and fade away more quickly than the 557.7 nm emissions, suggesting that an auroral precipitation source is initially present but is rapidly depleted as the forms age. All cases are associated with enhanced Subauroral Polarization Stream (SAPS) flows, and one event shows clear association with large-scale Giant Undulations (GUs) and the formation of spur-like forms that fold equatorward under the main oval. A model is proposed for the production of subauroral longitudinally extended forms in which nonlinear growth of SAPS-induced surface waves on the plasmapause results in a disruption of the boundary. It is suggested that hot plasma of plasma sheet origin becomes entrained in the plasmasphere to produce transient precipitation-associated auroral emissions that may decay into STEVE emissions and that cold dense plasma from the plasmasphere becomes entrained onto open drift paths to feed long-lived drainage plumes. This process may occur quasi periodically during intense substorms and storm-time conditions.

Henderson, Michael;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on:

YEAR: 2021     DOI: 10.1029/2020JA028556

Giant Undulations; STEVE; streamers; Subauroral Bands; Subauroral Polarization Streams; substorms